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The army fired warning shots followed by artillery fire, killing four of the insurgents and wounding twenty. The rebel force quickly faltered and scattered into the countryside. Many participants were later captured and most men, including Shays, eventually received amnesty as part of a general pardon.

Washington replied to Knox that "On the prospect of the happy termination of this insurrection I sincerely congratulate you; hoping that good may result from the cloud of evils which threatened, not only the hemisphere of Massachusetts but by spreading its baneful influence, the tranquility of the Union.

Shays' Rebellion accelerated calls to reform the Articles, eventually resulting in the Philadelphia Convention of The Convention elected Washington as its president and ultimately produced the Constitution of the United States.

Notes: 1. Theodore J. Bibliography: Maier, Pauline. Ratification: The People Debate the Constitution, Szatmary, David P. Shays then led a force of about 1, men in an attempted raid of the Springfield armory on January 26, The group was intercepted on the day before its planned attack; four protestors died in a brief conflict with the militia and the group dispersed.

It had to rely on a state militia led by General Benjamin Lincoln and sponsored by private business people. The group in Maryland included Madison, Hamilton, and other Founders including John Dickinson, and it recommended that a meeting of all 13 states be held the following May in Philadelphia.

This was an armed revolt, taking its name from one of the leaders, Captain Daniel Shays, a veteran of the Revolutionary War. The rebellion was finally suppressed, but a number of rebels had been killed, and a few of the leaders hanged.

Hundreds of Massachusetts state militiamen had faced off against fellow citizens. This event caused deep worry among the Founding Fathers, who, soon after, meeting in Philadelphia to draw up a new constitution, saw the need for a central government strong enough to put down such uprisings. By Bill Bigelow. Teaching about the Constitution requires a critical and nuanced exploration — one that is alert to the race and class issues at the heart of our governing document.

Search for:. La Guerra con Mexico Teaching Activity. Translated by Floralba Vivas. Rethinking Schools. Handout in Spanish for the U. Mexico War Tea Party. By Alan J. How a teacher and his students organized a tour of the hidden history of slavery in New York. By Thom Thacker and Michael A. An art contest is used as the basis from which students can examine primary historical documents advertisements for runaway slaves to gain a deeper understanding of the institution of slavery in the North.

Lesson by Bill Bigelow and student reading by Howard Zinn. Interactive activity introduces students to the history and often untold story of the U.



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